Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic stimulation
Identifieur interne : 001288 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001287; suivant : 001289Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic stimulation
Auteurs : Josep Valls-Sole ; Eduardo Tolosa ; Maria J. Marti ; Francesc Valldeoriola ; Marian Revilla ; Pau Pastor ; Rafael BlesaSource :
- Brain [ 0006-8950 ] ; 2001-06.
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Abstract
The alien hand sign (AHS) is often encountered in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), revealing a unilateral dysfunction of the motor system of unknown pathophysiology. We examined the possibility of an abnormal cortical representation of hand muscles in 10 patients with probable CBGD and a prominent AHS. Cortical maps were obtained from the responses to magnetic stimuli applied with a figure of eight coil at an intensity of 110% above motor threshold. For comparison, the same study was carried out in 10 normal volunteers, eight patients with Parkinson's disease and eight patients with Alzheimer's disease. AHS patients had a larger extension of the cortical map to stimulation of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS in comparison with the ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, in six patients, focal stimulation of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the AHS gave rise to ipsilateral responses, delayed by a mean of 7.7 ± 2.2 ms with respect to those recorded in the same muscle to contralateral stimulation. None of the other patients or control subjects had ipsilateral responses. Our results indicate an enhanced excitability, or reduced inhibition, of the motor area of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS. The delay of the ipsilateral responses is compatible with a disinhibited transcallosal input.
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DOI: 10.1093/brain/124.6.1131
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Marti</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valldeoriola, Francesc" sort="Valldeoriola, Francesc" uniqKey="Valldeoriola F" first="Francesc" last="Valldeoriola">Francesc Valldeoriola</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Revilla, Marian" sort="Revilla, Marian" uniqKey="Revilla M" first="Marian" last="Revilla">Marian Revilla</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pastor, Pau" sort="Pastor, Pau" uniqKey="Pastor P" first="Pau" last="Pastor">Pau Pastor</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blesa, Rafael" sort="Blesa, Rafael" uniqKey="Blesa R" first="Rafael" last="Blesa">Rafael Blesa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Brain</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Brain</title><idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno><idno type="eISSN">1460-2156</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2001-06">2001-06</date><biblScope unit="volume">124</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1131">1131</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1137">1137</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno></series><idno type="istex">6BBB5FE4137A62BBED4C8B3284D0B136313BAF06</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/brain/124.6.1131</idno><idno type="PII">1460-2156</idno><idno type="local">1241131</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0006-8950</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>AHS = alien hand sign</term><term>CBGD = corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</term><term>MEP = motor evoked potential</term><term>TMS = transcranial cortical magnetic stimulation</term><term>alien hand</term><term>cortical map</term><term>corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</term><term>ipsilateral motor evoked potentials</term><term>transcranial magnetic stimulation</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The alien hand sign (AHS) is often encountered in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), revealing a unilateral dysfunction of the motor system of unknown pathophysiology. We examined the possibility of an abnormal cortical representation of hand muscles in 10 patients with probable CBGD and a prominent AHS. Cortical maps were obtained from the responses to magnetic stimuli applied with a figure of eight coil at an intensity of 110% above motor threshold. For comparison, the same study was carried out in 10 normal volunteers, eight patients with Parkinson's disease and eight patients with Alzheimer's disease. AHS patients had a larger extension of the cortical map to stimulation of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS in comparison with the ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, in six patients, focal stimulation of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the AHS gave rise to ipsilateral responses, delayed by a mean of 7.7 ± 2.2 ms with respect to those recorded in the same muscle to contralateral stimulation. None of the other patients or control subjects had ipsilateral responses. Our results indicate an enhanced excitability, or reduced inhibition, of the motor area of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS. The delay of the ipsilateral responses is compatible with a disinhibited transcallosal input.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>oup</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Josep Valls-Solé</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Eduardo Tolosa</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Maria J. Marti</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Francesc Valldeoriola</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Marian Revilla</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Pau Pastor</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rafael Blesa</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>transcranial magnetic stimulation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ipsilateral motor evoked potentials</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>alien hand</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cortical map</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>AHS = alien hand sign</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>CBGD = corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>MEP = motor evoked potential</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>TMS = transcranial cortical magnetic stimulation</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>The alien hand sign (AHS) is often encountered in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), revealing a unilateral dysfunction of the motor system of unknown pathophysiology. We examined the possibility of an abnormal cortical representation of hand muscles in 10 patients with probable CBGD and a prominent AHS. Cortical maps were obtained from the responses to magnetic stimuli applied with a figure of eight coil at an intensity of 110% above motor threshold. For comparison, the same study was carried out in 10 normal volunteers, eight patients with Parkinson's disease and eight patients with Alzheimer's disease. AHS patients had a larger extension of the cortical map to stimulation of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS in comparison with the ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, in six patients, focal stimulation of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the AHS gave rise to ipsilateral responses, delayed by a mean of 7.7 ± 2.2 ms with respect to those recorded in the same muscle to contralateral stimulation. None of the other patients or control subjects had ipsilateral responses. Our results indicate an enhanced excitability, or reduced inhibition, of the motor area of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS. The delay of the ipsilateral responses is compatible with a disinhibited transcallosal input.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.538</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 791 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>9</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1336</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4090</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>26592</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>204</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic 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Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Eduardo</forename><surname>Tolosa</surname></persName><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Maria J.</forename><surname>Marti</surname></persName><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Francesc</forename><surname>Valldeoriola</surname></persName><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Marian</forename><surname>Revilla</surname></persName><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Pau</forename><surname>Pastor</surname></persName><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Rafael</forename><surname>Blesa</surname></persName><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Brain</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Brain</title><idno type="pISSN">0006-8950</idno><idno type="eISSN">1460-2156</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2001-06"></date><biblScope unit="volume">124</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1131">1131</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1137">1137</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">6BBB5FE4137A62BBED4C8B3284D0B136313BAF06</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/brain/124.6.1131</idno><idno type="PII">1460-2156</idno><idno type="local">1241131</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The alien hand sign (AHS) is often encountered in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), revealing a unilateral dysfunction of the motor system of unknown pathophysiology. We examined the possibility of an abnormal cortical representation of hand muscles in 10 patients with probable CBGD and a prominent AHS. Cortical maps were obtained from the responses to magnetic stimuli applied with a figure of eight coil at an intensity of 110% above motor threshold. For comparison, the same study was carried out in 10 normal volunteers, eight patients with Parkinson's disease and eight patients with Alzheimer's disease. AHS patients had a larger extension of the cortical map to stimulation of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS in comparison with the ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, in six patients, focal stimulation of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the AHS gave rise to ipsilateral responses, delayed by a mean of 7.7 ± 2.2 ms with respect to those recorded in the same muscle to contralateral stimulation. None of the other patients or control subjects had ipsilateral responses. Our results indicate an enhanced excitability, or reduced inhibition, of the motor area of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS. The delay of the ipsilateral responses is compatible with a disinhibited transcallosal input.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>KWD</head><item><term>transcranial magnetic stimulation</term></item><item><term>corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</term></item><item><term>ipsilateral motor evoked potentials</term></item><item><term>alien hand</term></item><item><term>cortical map</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>ABR</head><item><term>AHS = alien hand sign</term></item><item><term>CBGD = corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</term></item><item><term>MEP = motor evoked potential</term></item><item><term>TMS = transcranial cortical magnetic stimulation</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001-06">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/6BBB5FE4137A62BBED4C8B3284D0B136313BAF06/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus oup" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="journalpublishing.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article xml:lang="en" article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">brain</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Brain</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">brainj</journal-id><journal-title>Brain</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Brain</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0006-8950</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1460-2156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="other">1241131</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/brain/124.6.1131</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">1460-2156</article-id><title-group><article-title>Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic stimulation</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Valls-Solé</surname><given-names>Josep</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tolosa</surname><given-names>Eduardo</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marti</surname><given-names>Maria J.</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Valldeoriola</surname><given-names>Francesc</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Revilla</surname><given-names>Marian</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pastor</surname><given-names>Pau</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Blesa</surname><given-names>Rafael</given-names></name><xref rid="AFF1"></xref></contrib><aff id="AFF1">Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>Josep Valls-Solé, Unitat d'EMG, Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel, 170 Barcelona 08036, Spain E-mail: <ext-link xlink:href="jvalls@clinic.ub.es" ext-link-type="email">jvalls@clinic.ub.es</ext-link></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month><year>2001</year></pub-date><volume>124</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1131</fpage><lpage>1137</lpage><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2001</year></date><date date-type="received"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2000</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2000</year></date></history><copyright-statement>© Oxford University Press 2001</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2001</copyright-year><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The alien hand sign (AHS) is often encountered in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), revealing a unilateral dysfunction of the motor system of unknown pathophysiology. We examined the possibility of an abnormal cortical representation of hand muscles in 10 patients with probable CBGD and a prominent AHS. Cortical maps were obtained from the responses to magnetic stimuli applied with a figure of eight coil at an intensity of 110% above motor threshold. For comparison, the same study was carried out in 10 normal volunteers, eight patients with Parkinson's disease and eight patients with Alzheimer's disease. AHS patients had a larger extension of the cortical map to stimulation of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS in comparison with the ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, in six patients, focal stimulation of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the AHS gave rise to ipsilateral responses, delayed by a mean of 7.7 ± 2.2 ms with respect to those recorded in the same muscle to contralateral stimulation. None of the other patients or control subjects had ipsilateral responses. Our results indicate an enhanced excitability, or reduced inhibition, of the motor area of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS. The delay of the ipsilateral responses is compatible with a disinhibited transcallosal input.</p></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="KWD" xml:lang="en"><kwd>transcranial magnetic stimulation</kwd><kwd>corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</kwd><kwd>ipsilateral motor evoked potentials</kwd><kwd>alien hand</kwd><kwd>cortical map</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group kwd-group-type="ABR" xml:lang="en"><kwd>AHS = alien hand sign</kwd><kwd>CBGD = corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</kwd><kwd>MEP = motor evoked potential</kwd><kwd>TMS = transcranial cortical magnetic stimulation</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-wrap><custom-meta><meta-name>hwp-legacy-fpage</meta-name><meta-value>1131</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>hwp-legacy-dochead</meta-name><meta-value>Article</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-wrap></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic stimulation</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic stimulation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Josep</namePart><namePart type="family">Valls-Solé</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Eduardo</namePart><namePart type="family">Tolosa</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Maria J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Marti</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Francesc</namePart><namePart type="family">Valldeoriola</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Marian</namePart><namePart type="family">Revilla</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pau</namePart><namePart type="family">Pastor</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rafael</namePart><namePart type="family">Blesa</namePart><affiliation>Unitat d'EMG and Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel, 170, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001-06</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The alien hand sign (AHS) is often encountered in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), revealing a unilateral dysfunction of the motor system of unknown pathophysiology. We examined the possibility of an abnormal cortical representation of hand muscles in 10 patients with probable CBGD and a prominent AHS. Cortical maps were obtained from the responses to magnetic stimuli applied with a figure of eight coil at an intensity of 110% above motor threshold. For comparison, the same study was carried out in 10 normal volunteers, eight patients with Parkinson's disease and eight patients with Alzheimer's disease. AHS patients had a larger extension of the cortical map to stimulation of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS in comparison with the ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, in six patients, focal stimulation of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the AHS gave rise to ipsilateral responses, delayed by a mean of 7.7 ± 2.2 ms with respect to those recorded in the same muscle to contralateral stimulation. None of the other patients or control subjects had ipsilateral responses. Our results indicate an enhanced excitability, or reduced inhibition, of the motor area of the hemisphere contralateral to the AHS. The delay of the ipsilateral responses is compatible with a disinhibited transcallosal input.</abstract><note type="author-notes">Josep Valls-Solé, Unitat d'EMG, Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel, 170 Barcelona 08036, Spain E-mail: jvalls@clinic.ub.es</note><subject lang="en"><genre>KWD</genre><topic>transcranial magnetic stimulation</topic><topic>corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</topic><topic>ipsilateral motor evoked potentials</topic><topic>alien hand</topic><topic>cortical map</topic></subject><subject lang="en"><genre>ABR</genre><topic>AHS = alien hand sign</topic><topic>CBGD = corticobasal ganglionic degeneration</topic><topic>MEP = motor evoked potential</topic><topic>TMS = transcranial cortical magnetic stimulation</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Brain</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Brain</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0006-8950</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1460-2156</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">brainj</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">brain</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">Brain</identifier><part><date>2001</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>124</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>6</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1131</start><end>1137</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">6BBB5FE4137A62BBED4C8B3284D0B136313BAF06</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1093/brain/124.6.1131</identifier><identifier type="PII">1460-2156</identifier><identifier type="local">1241131</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© Oxford University Press 2001</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>OUP</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><enrichments><istex:catWosTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/6BBB5FE4137A62BBED4C8B3284D0B136313BAF06/enrichments/catWos"><teiHeader><profileDesc><textClass><classCode scheme="WOS">CLINICAL NEUROLOGY</classCode><classCode scheme="WOS">NEUROSCIENCES</classCode></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:catWosTEI></enrichments><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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